Short Problem Definition:
Count the minimum number of jumps required for a frog to get to the other side of a river.
Link
Complexity:
expected worst-case time complexity is O(N*log(N))
expected worst-case space complexity is O(N)
Execution:
This problem can be solved by in a Dynamic Programming way. You need to know the optimal count of jumps that can reach a given leaf. You get those by either reaching the leaf from the first shore or by reaching it from another leaf.
The N*log(N) time complexity is given by the fact, that there are approximately log(N) Fibonacci numbers up to N and you visit each position once.
As for the sequence hack: there are 26 Fibonacci numbers smaller than 100k, so I just preallocate an array of this size.
Solution:
def get_fib_seq_up_to_n(N): # there are 26 numbers smaller than 100k fib = [0] * (27) fib[1] = 1 for i in xrange(2, 27): fib[i] = fib[i - 1] + fib[i - 2] if fib[i] > N: return fib[2:i] else: last_valid = i def solution(A): # you can always step on the other shore, this simplifies the algorithm A.append(1) fib_set = get_fib_seq_up_to_n(len(A)) # this array will hold the optimal jump count that reaches this index reachable = [-1] * (len(A)) # get the leafs that can be reached from the starting shore for jump in fib_set: if A[jump-1] == 1: reachable[jump-1] = 1 # iterate all the positions until you reach the other shore for idx in xrange(len(A)): # ignore non-leafs and already found paths if A[idx] == 0 or reachable[idx] > 0: continue # get the optimal jump count to reach this leaf min_idx = -1 min_value = 100000 for jump in fib_set: previous_idx = idx - jump if previous_idx < 0: break if reachable[previous_idx] > 0 and min_value > reachable[previous_idx]: min_value = reachable[previous_idx] min_idx = previous_idx if min_idx != -1: reachable[idx] = min_value +1 return reachable[len(A)-1]
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